a)2X+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)2XCl+H2

nHCl=\(\frac{\text{54,75.20%}}{36,5}\)=0,3(mol)

nXCl=nHCl-0,3(mol)

MXCl=\(\frac{17,55}{0,3}\)=58,5(g/mol)

\(\rightarrow\)MX=23(g/mol)

\(\rightarrow\)X là Natri(Na)

b)

nNa=nHCl=0,3(mol)

mNa=0,3.23=6,9(g)

nH2=\(\frac{nHCl}{2}\)=\(\frac{0,3}{2}\)=0,15(mol)

VH2=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)

a) gọi M hóa tri 3

,Khi cho kim loại M(hóa trị 3) tác dụng với clo thì ta có pthh:

2M+3Cl2to→2MCl3(1),

theo đề bài và pthh(1) ta có:

10,8m\10,8m =53,4\m+35,5×353,4m+35,5×3

⇒⇒m×53,4=m×10,8+1150,2

m=27(Al).Vậy kim loại M cần tìm là Al

b)2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2

   0,5--------------------------0,75

n Al=\(\dfrac{13,5}{27}\)=0,5 mol

=>VH2=0,75.22,4=16,8l

1a) 

nH2 = 2.688/22.4 = 0.12 (mol) 

M + 2HCl => MCl2 + H2 

0.12..............0.12......0.12

M_M = 4.8/0.12 = 40 

=> M là : Ca 

mCaCl2 = 0.12 * 111 = 13.32 (g) 

1b)

nMg = 2.4/24 = 0.1 (mol) 

Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + H2

0.1....................0.1.........0.1

VH2 = 0.1*22.4 = 2.24 (l) 

mMgCl2 = 0.1*95 = 9.5 (g) 

1b)

nMg=0,2(mol)

PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

nH2=nMgCl2=nMg=0,2(mol)

=> nHCl=2.0,2=0,4(mol)

=> V=V(H2,đktc)=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)

mMgCl2=95. 0,2=19(g)

a, PTHH:

\(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(2\right)\)

\(AlCl_3+4NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+3NaCl+2H_2O\)

b, Ta có \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{NaAlO_2}=\dfrac{2,7}{82}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{AlCl_3}=0,045\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=27.0,03=0,81\left(g\right)\\n_A=n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}-n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_A=2,49-0,81=1,68\left(g\right)\\n_A=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{1,68}{0,03}=56\left(g/mol\right)\Rightarrow A\) là \(Fe\)

c, \(m_{\text{muối}}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{AlCl_3}\)

\(=127.n_{Fe}+133,5.n_{Al}\)

\(=127.0,03+133,5.0,03=7,815\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,792}{22,4}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)

2A + 2HCl --> 2ACl + H₂

2B + 2HCl --> 2BCl₂ + H₂

=> n_A + n_B = 2.n_H2 = 0,16

=> \(\overline{M}_{hh}=\dfrac{4,8}{0,16}=30\)

Mà A, B thuộc 2 chu kì liên tiếp nhóm IA

=> A, B là Na, K

b) 

Gọi số mol Na, K là a,b 

=> 23a + 39b = 4,8

2Na + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + H₂

_a----->a-------------->0,5a

2K + 2HCl --> 2KCl + H₂

_b--->b-------------->0,5b

=> 0,5a + 0,5b = 0,08

=> a = 0,09; b = 0,07

n_HCl(PTHH) = a + b = 0,16

=> n_{HCl(thực tế)} = 0,16.125% = 0,2(mol)

=> \(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: R + 2HCl --> RCl₂ + H₂

        0,05<---------------0,05

=> \(M_R=\dfrac{1,2}{0,05}=24\left(g/mol\right)\)

=> R là Mg (Magie)

Bài 24:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

Theo pthh: n_A = n_H2 = 0,15 (mol)

=> M_A = \(\dfrac{3,6}{0,15}=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

=> A là Mg

Bài 25:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2A+6HCl\rightarrow2ACl_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ Mol:0,3\leftarrow0,9\leftarrow0,3\leftarrow0,45\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}M_A=\dfrac{8,1}{0,3}=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\Rightarrow A:Al\\m_{HCl}=0,9.36,5=32,85\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 24.

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)

\(n_A=\dfrac{3,6}{M_A}\) mol

\(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)

0,15                           0,15   ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3,6}{M_A}=0,15mol\)

\(\Leftrightarrow M_A=24\) ( g/mol )

=> A là Magie ( Mg )

Bài 25.

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45mol\)

\(n_A=\dfrac{8,1}{M_A}\) mol

\(2A+6HCl\rightarrow2ACl_3+3H_2\)

0,3                                0,45  ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{8,1}{M_A}=0,3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow M_A=27\) g/mol

=> A là nhôm ( Al )